1、 Green packaging and green materials

        With the strengthening of people’s awareness of environment and ecology, a green trend is coming. Green names and objects such as green economy, green consumption, green food, green refrigerator and green clothing have emerged one after another. Green has become the goal of people’s pursuit. As an important part of green consumption, green packaging has naturally attracted people’s great attention.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

      Developing green packaging, developing green materials and solving the pollution of packaging waste has become one of the major measures for countries to implement environmental protection.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

1. Green packaging and its connotation

      Green packaging, also known as ecological packaging, pollution-free packaging or friends of the environment packaging. It refers to the packaging that is harmless to human health and ecological environment, can be reused or recycled, and meets the requirements of sustainable development.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

      Green packaging should fully reflect the requirements of green in terms of design, material selection, process methods, use and recycling of packaging materials, and can form a balance in the natural ecosystem, including:Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

① In the design, the packaging products must have the performance of no damage to the environment, and the environmental protection function must be included in the packaging function design, so that the packaging products can be easily treated, recycled, eroded, regenerated and reused after being discarded, reflecting the principles of environmental protection and resource regeneration.

② The materials selected shall be mainly natural recycled materials, strive for low quantity and high function, and mostly adopt reusable, recycled and degradable materials.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

③ With the support of green technology, the substances produced in the production process of pollution-free “clean process”, such as additives, additives and adhesives, meet the green requirements.

④ Like other green products, green packaging forms an ecological natural cycle according to a certain life cycle and forms a green cycle chain (see the figure below). The result of green packaging is to take nature and return to nature, so that human beings can obtain a good natural environment, natural resources and long-term support.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

      Any link of the green packaging cycle chain forms its own basic form with green content and forms a green system. Especially at the end of the system, its green needs the support and guarantee of people’s and society’s green consciousness, green management, green regulations and green behavior. Otherwise, the green system is difficult to form and will eventually be destroyed.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

2. Green packaging materials

       An important factor in whether the packaging materials meet the green requirements is whether the green packaging materials are used. Green packaging materials shall meet the requirements of green.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

(1) Characteristics of green packaging materials

Green packaging materials have the following characteristics:Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

① The discarded packaging products or materials can be recycled, recycled or reused without pollution and damage to the ecological environment;

② Packaging products or materials that are not easy to recycle shall be corroded and degraded in a short time and return to nature under natural conditions.

③ Under the condition of meeting the requirements of packaging function, it can realize high-quality and lightweight design, reduce the consumption of natural resources and energy, and reduce the waste of packaging materials.

④ Packaging materials have low production cost and reasonable performance price ratio, and can be produced and popularized.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

(2) Classification of green packaging materials

(1) Recyclable packaging materials, packaging products and their materials can be recycled, reused or recycled, which is the most economical and effective way to protect the environment, and countries all over the world are vigorously promoting it. The packaging materials that can be reused and recycled include the following categories.

① After chemical treatment, paper materials can be reused for many times until the fibers disappear.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

② Glass ceramic materials can be recycled or recycled in the form of broken materials. Glass can be designed with thin wall, high strength and low brittleness.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

③ Metal packaging products and their materials can be recycled, recycled, or recycled to improve the utilization rate.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

④ Plastic materials: thermoplastic, recycled and re granulated to produce plastic products, such as PS, PVC, pet, etc; It can also be recycled and mixed with other sundries for incineration; Some plastic containers can be reused after recycling and cleaning, such as PET bottles, FC bottles, etc.

(2) Degradable packaging materials degradable materials refer to materials whose chemical structure changes at a specific time and in a specific environment causing performance loss. Degradable plastics can be divided into photodegradable, biodegradable and composite degradable plastics according to different degradation mechanisms.

        Photodegradable plastics degrade under the action of light. It can be divided into additive type and synthetic type. Synthetic photodegradation is to introduce some weak chains with low energy and easy to break, or connect some photosensitive groups and transferred atoms that see light decomposition in the process of polymer synthesis. In this way, chemical reaction will occur when encountering the action of light, Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design .Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

     resulting in the degradation of polymer macromolecules, and its long chain breaks into small molecular fragments that are easy to be swallowed by microorganisms. The additive photodegradation is to add a certain amount of photosensitizer to the plastic ingredients, which will also degrade under the action of light. The method is relatively simple and the cost is low.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design .Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

      Biodegradable plastics are degraded by bacteria, molds and various microorganisms. Due to the factors that can be decomposed by ordinary microorganisms in the internal structure or components of the material, when the packaging is abandoned, it is decomposed into small molecular compounds through microbial phagocytosis and absorption in the natural environment until it is finally decomposed into inorganic substances such as salt water and carbon dioxide. Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

     Biodegradation can be divided into microbial synthetic type, synthetic polymer type and blending type. Blended biodegradable plastics are packaging products with certain biodegradability after mixing a certain amount of biodegradable substances such as starch, natural straw, rice straw and fruit shell into plastics.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

       Composite degradable plastics are degraded under the combined action of light and biology. Biodegradable starch, controllable degradation photosensitizer, automatic oxidant and other substances are added to the plastic to degrade the performance of the plastic after use and divide it into fragments regularly. After that, the plastic will decompose rapidly through the action of microorganisms and the reaction of automatic oxidant.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

      Edible packaging materials are harmless to human body. Materials that can be naturally absorbed by the human body or weathered and eroded in the natural environment. The raw materials used are natural organic small molecules and macromolecular substances, such as amino acids, gelatin, protein, plant fiber, etc., which are non-toxic, tasteless, transparent, light and hygienic. Edible packaging materials can effectively solve the pollution problem, and have excellent application and development prospects.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

       Natural packaging materials natural plant fiber materials, including rice straw, wheat straw, cotton straw, potato seedling, reed straw and moso bamboo, can be directly prepared or made into packaging containers through crushing, pulping and molding processes, and sometimes used as additive materials. Natural materials decompose in the natural environment, and their packaging wastes can also be incinerated to make them return to nature.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

2、 Design of green packaging system

Green packaging products are packaging products obtained by green cleaning processing and molding of green packaging materials through packaging design according to the requirements of packaged products and environmental protection. The essence of green packaging design is the design of green packaging system.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

1. Green packaging design principles

(1) 3r1d principle

3r1d is an internationally recognized green packaging design principle and method, and it is also an important connotation of green packaging.

      Reduce principle refers to the principle of quantitative reduction (or light industry). Packaging products are required to minimize the consumption of materials on the premise of ensuring the packaging, protection and use functions, so as to save resources, reduce energy consumption, reduce costs, and reduce emissions and waste. Fulfilling this principle includes optimizing the structure, appropriate packaging, 

       replacing heavy packaging with light packaging, replacing non renewable resource materials with renewable resource materials, and replacing resource deficient materials with resource rich materials.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

     Reuse Principle is the principle of reuse. The repeatedly used packaging products not only save materials, reduce energy consumption, but also conducive to environmental protection. The packaging design shall give priority to the possibility of reuse, and implement the design scheme of reuse when the technology, materials and recycling management are feasible.

      The principle of recycle is the principle of recycling. For packaging products that cannot be reused, it is necessary to consider the possibility of recycling treatment and use recycling technology to form recycled materials or recycled packaging. Such as recycled paper, recycled paperboard, recycled plastics, glass, ceramics and metal packaging products can be remelted and recycled to make new and the same materials or packaging products. Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

      Some materials and packaging products can obtain new usable substances and generate new value through treatment. For example, oil and gas with high use value can be obtained by oiling and vaporizing waste plastics.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

       Degradation principle is the degradation principle. The packaging products and materials used shall be degraded and eroded in the natural environment and shall not pollute the natural ecological environment if they can neither be recycled for reuse nor recycled, or have little recycling value.

(2) Green system principle

      Green packaging design aims at the whole process of packaging products. From the processing and selection of materials, the production and molding of packaging products, the circulation and use of packaging products, to the recycling and treatment of packaging waste, each link meets the green requirements and has no pollution consequences.

(3) Economic principle

      Green packaging design should save materials, reduce consumption, reduce cost, improve efficiency and increase competitiveness.

2. Contents of green packaging design

The main contents and requirements of green packaging design are as follows.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

(1) Selection of materials

        The main materials and auxiliary materials used for packaging shall be green packaging materials that meet the requirements or obtain the national environmental certification mark, which shall not cause physical and chemical damage to the contents and have the protective function required by the contents; The selected green packaging materials shall have good processing and molding performance.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

       Printing coloring performance, suitable for the implementation of “cleaner production” standards; The application of all packaging accessories will not endanger human body, contents and natural environment; The selected materials shall also have reliable supply channels, sufficient sources of goods, or qualified substitutes.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

      For packaging products determined to be recycled and reused, attention should be paid to the selection of material strength, stiffness, wear resistance and environmental adaptability.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design 

(2) Green packaging design orientation

      Before design, the green packaging ordering unit shall be positioned for design, and the design conditions and design requirements shall be verified. Including the positioning of corporate image, interior products, consumption objects, sales market, competitive environment and so on.Discussion On Green Packaging And Its System Design